Wednesday, January 17, 2018

grammar - Is it ok to use ~て下さりました instead of ~ていただきまし た?


Just to avoid repeatedly saying いただきました too much, can I occasionally switch it with 下さりました or 下さいました?



Answer



いただきました is past tense of いただく, which is a polite version of もらう, which means 'to receive'.


下さいました is past tense of 下さる, which is a polite version of くれる, which means 'to give'.



They are different words but can be used in the same context as long as you correctly assign who is the giver and who is the receiver. But do take note that the emphasis of the sentence and the particles used may change if use one over the other. Example:



これは先生からいただきました。
This was received from Teacher.


これは先生がくださいました。
Teacher gave (me) this.



Note: In general, くれる is only used when the giver is the third person (neither the speaker nor the person he/she is speaking to) or if the giver is second person and the receiver is first person. If the giver is first or second person, あげる should be used. Or another way to see it, くれる is used when the giver is out-group, and あげる is used if the giver is in-group. Maybe it's easier to see from a diagram:


enter image description here


Note: the receiver always uses もらう or its variants.



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