Sunday, August 25, 2019

grammar - Do 食べないです and 食べなかったです have the same level of politeness as 食べません and 食べませんでした have?


Up to now, I am still confused with this very basic grammar.




  • Informal : 食べる (+) and 食べない (-)

  • Formal : 食べます (+) and 食べません (-)




  • Informal : 食べた (+) and 食べなかった (-)


  • Formal : 食べました (+) and 食べませんでした (-)


Surprisingly, in order to upgrade the level of politeness (or formality), we can only append です to the negative of the informal form.



  • Non-past: 食べないです

  • Past: 食べなかったです


The following are not allowed (I don't know why):



  • Non-past: 食べるです


  • Past: 食べたです





  1. Does 食べないです (and 食べなかったです) have the same level of politeness as 食べません (and 食べませんでした) has?




  2. Bonus question: Why 食べるです and 食べたです are not allowed?






Answer



1.I think so because a verbal auxiliary "です、ます" which represent formal lines is used for them.


2.Because a verbal auxiliary "です" is set after 連体形 of the verb + の and 体言(noun and pronoun).


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