Tuesday, March 6, 2018

verbs - Why is 来る spelled with kanji and する is not?


来る and する are two irregular and most commonly used verbs. From my observations, 来る is spelled with kanji. Even though there is a kanji version of する 為る it is usually not used and I wonder why. Are there any cases where the kanji version of する is used in modern Japanese?



Answer



The reading 為る【する】 is not a reading contained in the jōyō kanji, which is yet another reason it is not commonly used. (You don't learn about it in school, you will have trouble publishing work with all instances of する replaced by 為る, etc.)


The why has to be speculation, but to me it makes sense to drop the kanji for the second-most used verb in the language; after いる, which derives from 居る, but is usually written in kana.


Of course, there is already the general convention to use only kana for subsidiary verbs, so that ~ている and also ~てくる will usually be written in kana.



Something deserving a mention on the topic of する and kanji is that there exists an ateji for the renyōkei (し) of the verb する, namely 仕, which appears in many common words such as



仕事、仕方、仕様、仕切る、仕業、仕入れ、仕上げ、仕送り、仕返し、…



In compounds, which are usually formed with the renyōkei of a verb, the renyōkei of する is written in kanji. In that sense, one could say that する does have a commonly associated kanji, even if it is not used as *仕る【する】.


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