In phenol, pulling the $\mathrm{p}_z$ electrons from the oxygen atom into the ring causes the hydrogen atom to be more partially positive than it is in aliphatic alcohols. This means it is much more easily lost from phenol than it is from aliphatic alcohols, so phenol has a stronger acidic property than ethanol.
Could someone please explain the link between the $\mathrm{p}_z$ electrons of oxygen overlapping with the cloud of delocalised electrons of the phenol ring and the increase in positivity of the bonded hydrogen … which in turns allows phenol to lose a proton more easily?
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