Thursday, July 25, 2019

grammar - Help me to understand やらなきゃいけない and やらなきゃならな い


Need more clarity on short forms.




  • やらなきゃいけない

  • やらなければいけません

  • やらなきゃならない


  • やらなければなりません



As per my understanding all phrase will give same meaning. "Must do". I know this is very basic question but need to get more clarity on short forms, because in most of the conversion they are using short forms and not able to understand some times.


やらなきゃいけない is short form of やらなければいけません
やらなきゃならない is short form of やらなければなりません



  1. Is my understaind correct?

  2. Please also explain related short forms.




Answer



やらなきゃ is a contracted/collapsed form of やらなければ.
いけません and なりません are the polite forms of いけない and ならない, respectively.


So やらなきゃいけない (or ~いけません in polite form) is a contracted form of やらなければいけない (or ~いけません in polite form). Same goes with the ~ならない/~なりません versions.


We also have:




  • やらなくてはいけない/ならない (or ~いけません/~なりません in polite form)

  • やらなくちゃいけない/ならない (contracted form of やらなくてはいけない/ならない)

  • やらないといけない (or ~いけません in polite form)


  • やらねばならない (or ~なりません in polite form) ← sounds a bit literary/stiff



People will sometimes use だめ (+ だ、です etc.) instead of いけない/ならない etc.


In colloquial speech you'd also hear shortened forms such as:




  • やらなきゃ。(shortened/contracted form of やらなければならない/いけない)

  • やらなくちゃ。(shortened/contracted form of やらなくてはならない/いけない)

  • やらなくては。


  • やらないと。(shortened form of やらないといけない)

  • やらねば。(shortened form of やらねばならない) ← less common in casual speech



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