Monday, November 11, 2019

How to RAISE the melting point of water?


It is common that adding common salt into water will lower its melting point. But, is there any way to RAISE the melting point of water? Does it lower the boiling point of water as well? Why?



Answer



enter image description here


source


One way to raise the melting point of water is to increase pressure beyond about 635 MPa. By raising pressure you could get the melting point to be even greater than the normal boiling point.


A second way is to lower the pressure, but this can only increase the melting point by 0.01 K.


A third way would be to added enough of a high melting point solute that you pass the eutectic point. In other words, generally when you add a solute to water, the melting point decreases, but only until you add enough solute that the eutectic point is reached, beyond which adding more solute increases the melting point.


enter image description here


source: http://www.phasediagram.dk/binary/CaCl2.PNG



For example, in the diagram, above, A is the eutectic point. Beyond this point, adding more CaCl2 increases freezing point. Then beyond 38% CaCl2, melting point exceeds ) degrees C.


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