Friday, May 10, 2019

physical chemistry - Howcome orbitals become 'core-like' when electrons are removed?


It seems to me that f-orbitals for lanthanide metals are treated as 'core-like' when a certain number of electrons have been removed.


Or, as Radiochemistry puts it,



The 4f binding energy is so great that the remaining 4f-electrons are regarded as "core-like". [Italic and emphasis added]




How is this justified exactly?


Effort


I am aware that



  • each electron will be harder to remove as Culonic attraction increases with positive ionic charge,


and probably



  • lathanide contraction is a part of the explanation.





You have to check out some of these other threads:





Original topic: Predominance of III oxidation state for lanthanides




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